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1940 के दशक में हिंदी सिनेमा में एक नयी गायिका-अभिनेत्री ने कदम रखा था। उस ज़माने के स्टार अभिनेताओं मज़हर ख़ान और त्रिलोक कपूर के साथ उन्होंने दो फ़िल्मों में नायिका की भूमिका की और साथ ही उन फ़िल्मों में गीत भी गाए। लेकिन एक उत्कृष्ट गायिका और प्रतिभाशाली अभिनेत्री के तौर पर पहचान बना लेने के बावजूद उन्होंने फ़िल्मोद्योग को अलविदा कहा और ख़ुद को हिंदुस्तानी शास्त्रीय संगीत के प्रति समर्पित कर दिया। उन्हीं सुशीला रानी पटेल का नाम आज शास्त्रीय गायन के क्षेत्र में अत्यंत सम्मान के साथ लिया जाता है।
सुशीला रानी पटेल से मेरी पहली मुलाक़ात कॉलम ‘क्या भूलूं क्या याद करूं’ के सिलसिले में जनवरी 2006 के दूसरे हफ़्ते में पाली हिल के उनके बंगले ‘गिरनार’में हुई थी। उनका वो इण्टरव्यू 21 जनवरी 2006 के सहारा समय में प्रकाशित हुआ था। उसके बाद वो 5 मई 2007 को संगीतकार नौशाद की पहली बरसी पर उनके कार्टर रोड स्थित बंगले ‘आशियाना’ में मिली। अवसर था कार्टर रोड के नए नामकरण “संगीतकार नौशाद अली मार्ग” के समारोह का।
सुशीला रानी का जन्म 20 अक्टूबर 1918 को उत्तरी कर्नाटक के एक चित्रपुर सारस्वत ब्राह्मण परिवार में हुआ था। उनके पिता चेन्नई हाईकोर्ट में वक़ील थे। सुशीला रानी कहती हैं, “संगीत के प्रति रूझान मुझे मेरी मां से विरासत में मिला था जो ख़ुद भी एक अच्छी गायिका थीं। बचपन से ही उस्ताद करीम ख़ां, पंडित ओंकारनाथ ठाकुर और उस्ताद फ़ैयाज़ ख़ां साहब के रेकॉर्ड सुनसुनकर मैं उनके जैसा गाने की कोशिश करती थी, लिहाज़ा सुरों पर मेरी पकड़ मज़बूत होती चली गयी थी। साल 1938 में मैंने पहली बार ‘ऑल इण्डिया रेडियो’ पर गाया था।”
पढ़ने-लिखने में भी सुशीला रानी बेहद तेज़ थीं। प्रथम श्रेणी में एम.ए. और एल.टी. की डिग्री हासिल करने के बाद साल 1942 में वो चेन्नई से मुम्बई चली आयीं। वो कहती हैं, “गायन के अलावा मुझे लिखने का भी बेहद शौक़ था। मेरे मुम्बई आने की वजह भी यही थी कि मैं पत्रकार बनना चाहती थी। इसी सिलसिले में मेरी मुलाक़ात मशहूर फ़िल्म पत्रकार और ‘फ़िल्म इण्डिया’ पत्रिका के सम्पादक बाबूराव पटेल से हुई जिन्होंने मुझे अपनी पत्रिका में उप-सम्पादक की नौकरी दे दी। लेकिन वो मेरे गायन से कहीं ज़्यादा प्रभावित थे और उन्हीं के ज़रिए मैं एच.एम.वी. तक पहुंची थी।” उस ज़माने में सुशीला रानी के कई ग़ैर-फ़िल्मी गीतों और शास्त्रीय गायन के रेकॉर्ड बाज़ार में आए और पसंद भी किए गए।
पत्रकार होने के साथ साथ बाबूराव पटेल एक फ़िल्मकार भी थे। साल 1944 में उन्होंने सुशीला रानी को नायिका की भूमिका में लेकर फ़िल्म ‘द्रौपदी’ का निर्माण किया। उस फ़िल्म में सुशीला रानी के नायक उस ज़माने के स्टार अभिनेता मज़हर ख़ान थे। हनुमान प्रसाद के संगीत में शास्त्रीय रागों पर सुशीला रानी के गाए फ़िल्म ‘द्रौपदी’ के सभी गीत उस दौर में काफ़ी पसंद किए गए थे। साल 1946 में बाबूराव पटेल ने फ़िल्म ‘ग्वालन’ का निर्माण किया। इस फ़िल्म में सुशीला रानी के नायक त्रिलोक कपूर थे। संगीत हंसराज बहल का था और फ़िल्म के कुल 10 गीतों में 6 सोलो और 2 युगल गीत सुशीला रानी ने गाए थे।
सुशीला रानी बताती हैं, “साल 1945 में मैंने बाबूराव पटेल से शादी की और अभिनय को अलविदा कहकर अपना पूरा ध्यान शास्त्रीय संगीत की ओर लगा दिया। पद्मभूषण मोगूबाई कुर्डीकर, उस्ताद अल्लादिया ख़ां, और सुंदराबाई जाधव की शागिर्दी में मैंने विधिवत रूप से शास्त्रीय गायन, ख़याल गायन और सुगम संगीत सीखा। और तब से मैं लगातार तानसेन समारोह, प्रयाग संगीत समिति समारोह, पं.ओंकारनाथ ठाकुर संगीत समारोह आदि के अलावा आकाशवाणी और दूरदर्शन पर भी गायन के कार्यक्रम प्रस्तुत करती आ रही हूं”।
आज प्रीति उत्तम, श्रावणी मुकर्जी, शोभा भावे, राधिका नायक और सुजाता मोघे समेत सुशीला रानी पटेल की कई शिष्याएं संगीत के क्षेत्र में अपनी अच्छी पहचान बना चुकी हैं। केन्द्र सरकार की संगीत सलाहकार समिति, फ़िल्म एवं दूरदर्शन संस्थान (पुणे) और सेंसर बोर्ड की सदस्या रह चुकीं सुशीला रानी पटेल को देश की कई ख्यातिप्राप्त संस्थाओं द्वारा ‘सुरश्री’, ‘सुस्वरवाणी’, ‘संगीत सरस्वती’, ‘संगीत सुधा’, ‘स्वर कौमुदी’ के अलावा ‘महाराष्ट्र राज्य सांस्कृतिक पुरस्कार’ और (तत्कालीन) राष्ट्रपति डॉ.ए.पी.जे.अबुल कलाम के हाथों ‘संगीत नाटक अकादमी पुरस्कार’ से सम्मानित किया जा चुका है।
बाबूराव पटेल की प्रेरणा से सुशीला रानी पटेल ने 61 साल की उम्र में गोल्ड मैडल के साथ एल.एल.बी और फिर एल.एल.एम. की डिग्री हासिल की और उनका नाम आज भी मुम्बई उच्च न्यायालय में बतौर वकील पंजीकृत है। इसके अलावा वो एक सफल होम्योपैथ भी हैं। आने वाले अक्टूबर माह में 96 साल की होने जा रही सुशीला रानी पटेल से मेरी हालिया मुलाक़ात विगत फ़रवरी माह में हुई| अवसर था, 1930 और 40 के मशहूर बैनर ‘सागर मूवीटोन’ पर गुजराती के सम्मानित लेखक मित्र श्री बीरेन कोठारी द्वारा लिखित पुस्तक का विमोचन समारोह| इस पुस्तक का विमोचन ख़ार जिमखाना में हुए समारोह में अभिनेता आमिर खान के हाथों हुआ था|
सुशीला रानी पटेल के पति बाबूराव पटेल का निधन 4 सितम्बर 1982 को हुआ था। तबसे वो अपने विशाल बंगले ‘गिरनार’ में अकेली रह रही हैं।
सुशीला रानी पटेल का निधन 24 जुलाई 2014 को 96 साल की उम्र में मुम्बई में हुआ|
We
are thankful to –
Mr.
Harish Raghuvanshi & Mr. Harmandir Singh ‘Hamraz’for their valuable suggestion, guidance and support.
Mr.
S.M.M.Ausaja for providing movies’ posters.
Ms.
Aksher Apoorva for the English
translation of the write up.
Mr.
Manaswi Sharma for the technical support includingvideo
editing.
“Lagat Najar Tori Chhalaiyaan”–Dr.
SushilaRaniPatel
...........Shishir Krishna Sharma
In 1940’s, a new singer-actress stepped into Hindi
cinema. She not only played the main lead in two different films opposite then superstars
Mazhar Khan and Trilok Kapoor but also sang in them. In spite of instant
recognition as a melodious singer and a talented actress, she soon bid adieu to
the films and devoted herself to Hindustani Classical Music. That SushilaRaniPatel
is a highly respected name in the field of classical singing today.
I first met SushilaRaniPatel
in the 2nd week in January 2006 at her Pali Hill bungalow ‘Girnar’ for
my column ‘Kya Bhooloon Kya Yaad Karoon” and her interview was published in ‘Sahara Samay’ on 21st
January 2006. The second time I met her was at composer Naushad’s Carter Road bungalow
‘Ashiana’ on the occasion where Carter Road was being renamed as ‘Composer
Naushad Ali Road’ on his first death anniversary on 5th May
2007.
SushilaRaniwas born on 20th October 1918
in a Chitrapur Saraswat Brahmin family of North Karnataka. Her
father was a practicing advocate at Chennai High Court. SushilaRanisays, “Music was in my blood
as my mother was a good singer. I played the records of Ustad Kareem Khan,
Pandit Onkar Nath Thakur and Ustad Fayyaz Khan and tried to copy them ever since
I was kid which led to strengthening the hold on my musical notes. I got my
first chance to sing on ‘All India Radio’ in the year 1938”.
SushilaRaniwas a bright student. She
passed her M.A. and L.T. degrees in first class and then shifted to Mumbai in
the year 1942. She says, “Apart from singing, I had a passion for writing and
the reason behind my coming to Mumbai was to become a journalist. I met renowned
film journalist Baburao Patel who was the editor of the film magazine ‘Film
India’. He immediately hired me as the sub-editor in his magazine. But he was
more impressed with my singing and it was through him that I reached H.M.V”. A
number of SushilaRani’s
non-film and classical records came into market and were appreciated during
that period.
Apart from renowned
journalist, BaburaoPatel
was a film maker too. He made a film ‘Draupadi’ in the year 1944 with SushilaRanias
the main lead. SushilaRani’s
hero in the film was that time star actor Mazhar Khan. Based on classical
ragas, all songs sung by SushilaRaniunder the baton of composer
Hanuman Prasad in the movie ‘Draupadi’ were highly appreciated by the
audiences. In the year 1946 BaburaoPatel
made another movie ‘Gwalan’. SushilaRani’s
hero in ‘Gwalan’ was Trilok Kapoor. Out of total 10 songs of ‘Gwalan’ which
were composed by Hansraj Behl, SushilaRanisang 6 solo and 2 duets.
SushilaRanisays,
“After my marriage with Baburao Patel, I bid adieu to the films and devoted
myself completely to classical singing. I duly started taking music lessons
from Padm-Bhushan Mogubai Kurdikar, Ustad Alladia Khan and Sundarabai Jadhav
and learned Classical singing, Khyaal singing and light music. Since then I
have been continuously presenting singing programs on Akashwani and Door
Darshan along with many music festivals which include Tansen Samaroh, Prayag
Sangeet Samiti Samaroh, Pandit Onkar Nath Thakur Sangeet Samaroh”.
Today, many of SushilaRaniPatel’s
disciples including Preeti Uttam, Shrawani Mukerjee, Shobha Bhave, Radhika
Nayak and Sujata Moghe have successfully made a name for themselves in the
field of music. She has been a member of central government’s music advisory
board, the Film & T.V. Institute (Pune) and the Censor Board. She has also been
honoured with ‘Maharashtra Rajya Sanskritik Puraskar’ and the titles of ‘Sur
Shri’, ‘Suswarvani’, ‘Sangeet Saraswati’, ‘Swar Kaumudi’ by some of country’s
well known organizations. She has also been honoured with ‘Sangeet Natak
Academy Award’ by the then president Dr. A.P.J.Abul Kalaam.
With encouragement from
BaburaoPatel,
SushilaRaniPatel
passed L.L.B. and then L.L.M. with first division marks at the age of 61 and
her name is still registered as an advocate in the Mumbai High Court. She is
also a successful homoeopath. I had a chance meeting with SushilaRaniPatel
once again recently, in a book release function held in Fabruary ’14 at Khar Gymkhana. Written by
Gujrati’s well known writer friend Shri Biren Kothari, this book on 1930’s
& 40’s renowned film company ‘Sagar Movietone’ was released by Actor Amir
Khan.
SushilaRaniPatel’s
husband Baburao Patel died on 4th September 1982. She has been
living alone in her huge ‘Girnar’ bungalow since.
Sushila Rani Patel died in Mumbai on 24 July 2014
at the age of 96.
Mr.
Harish Raghuvanshi & Mr. Harmandir Singh ‘Hamraz’for their valuable suggestion, guidance and support.
Mr.
S.M.M.Ausaja for providing movies’ posters.
Ms.
Aksher Apoorva for the English
translation of the write ups.
Mr.
Manaswi Sharma for the technical support includingvideo
editing.
Rajindernath on YT Channel BHD
“Meri Lottery
Lag Jaane Waali Hai”
: Rajinder Nath
........Shishir
Krishna Sharma
With the rise of
Mehmood in 1960’s all the comedy actors of that era
including Johny Walker steadily started losing their sheen. But Rajinder Nath
was an exception who started his career almost at the same time as Mehmood’s
and successfully gained new heights. Mehmood's stardom had no effect on
Rajinder Nath’s career as he had built a unique image for himself.
It took me very
long time to reach Rajinder Nath ji for my column ‘kya bhooloon kya yaad
karoon’ in the Hindi weekly paper ‘Sahara Samay’. He was not in touch with the
‘Cine & T.V. Artiste’s Association’ (CINTAA) since last few years. CINTAA
had his Colaba address in its record but he didn’t reside on that address
anymore. After lots of efforts somebody told me that actor Birbal must have an
idea about Rajinder Nath ji’s whereabouts as they are close friends. Thus, I
successfully reached Rajinder Nath ji through Birbal ji. He now lived in the
Orchid Building on 10th Road at Khar
(West).
Rajinder Nath
Malhotra’s family was originally from Peshawar. His father was a higher cadre
Police Officer during British Raj who spent most of his service time in
different Indian states. Rajinder Nath Malhotra was born on 8th
June 1931 in the town of Tikamgarh in Madhya
Prant (now Madhya Pradesh). He completed his schooling in Rewa. Congress leader
Arjun Singh was Rajinder Nath’s classmate and close friend. Prithviraj Kapoor
was closely related to the Malhotra family and the bond got stronger after
Rajinder Nath’s elder sister got married to Raj Kapoor. Rajinder Nath’s younger
sister is married to actor Prem Chopra.
Rajinder Nath said,
“My elder brother Prem Nath was working in the films in Mumbai. After I completed
my schooling, he asked me to shift to Mumbai. I came here in 1947
and joined Prithviraj Kapoor’s theatre company ‘Prithvi Theatre’. I acted in
‘Prithvi Theatre’s plays ‘Deewar’, ‘Pathan’, ‘Shakuntala’ and ‘Ahuti’. My
association with ‘Prithvi Theatre’ lasted for 10
years where I befriended the likes of Shammi Kapoor, Shashi Kapoor, Sajjan,
Shankar and Jaikishan”.
According to
Rajinder Nath, apart from stage plays he also did small roles in films. Those
roles would be so small that no one could take notice of Rajinder Nath’s
on-screen presence. He was spending a carefree life under the patronage of his
elder brother. He was not at all serious towards his career. Prem Nath was not
happy with his carelessness. He was so angry that he ordered Rajinder Nath to
leave his home one day.
Rajinder Nath said,
“It was a big shock to me. Though bhaisaheb allowed me to live in another house
of his yet the problem was how to fulfill other basic needs. Today’s well-known
producer Yash Johar also lived with me in the same house and we both were
struggling to make it big in life. I had an old model scooter but often we
didn’t have money for the petrol. For food we were dependent upon friends and
the acquaintances but how long could we survive like this? Constrainedly I had
to be serious towards my career. Today I strongly feel that whatever Prem Nath
ji did was for my wellbeing only”.
The first little
bit significant role which Rajinder Nath got was in the film ‘Shagoofa’, a 1953
release. This movie was produced by Prem Nath under his own banner ‘P.N.Films’.
Prem Nath produced another movie ‘Golcunda Ka Qaidi’ in the year 1954
in which he gave Rajinder Nath the role of the side hero. But both the films
flopped. Rajinder Nath got recognition in a small comic role in the movie ‘Hum
Sab Chor Hain’ which released in the year 1956. The
movie ‘Shararat’ which released in 1959 made this recognition
stronger and the same year release ‘Dil Deke Dekho’s grand success made him a
star comedian. He never looked back after ‘Dil Deke Dekho’. His comedy in 1961
release movie ‘Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai’ made him popular as ‘Popatlal’ in
every household.
Rajinder Nath’s
career was on the peak for next 12 years. He worked
with almost all big producer-directors during that period and gave many hits
like ‘Usne Kaha Tha’, ‘Prem Patra’, ‘Mujhe Jeene Do’, ‘Tere Ghar Ke Saamne’,
‘Ye Raaste Hain Pyar Ke’, ‘Mere Sanam’, ‘Aaye Din Bahaar Ke’, ‘Hare Kaanch Ki
Choodiyan’, ‘An Evening In Paris’, ‘Aaya Sawan Jhoom Ke’, ‘Prince’, ‘Aan Milo
Sajna’, ‘Aap Aaye Bahaar Aayi’, ‘Dharkan’, ‘Mela’, and ‘Ek Baar Muskura Do’. But in the year 1969
Rajinder Nath was seriously injured in a car accident and had to spend many
months in the hospital which badly affected his career. In such circumstances
he decided to become a producer.
Rajinder Nath said,
“In the year 1974 I started shooting my home
production ‘The Gate Crasher’ with Randhir Kapoor and Neetu Singh in main lead.
Neither had I any experience of production nor despite having spent so many
years into the films, could I learn the basic characteristics of the people
associated with this industry. Whatever money people asked for during the
shoot, I paid to them with open hands. As a result, the film got stalled after 10
days of shoot. Now I was under heavy debt. My struggle started afresh. Whatever
small-big roles I got I did, so that I could pay to the creditors. Distributors
from Delhi and U.P. compelled me to shed blood-tears. Despite knowing my
circumstances, they levied heavy interest and recovered every single paisa from
me”.
Remembering his
close friend Rajinder Nath, actor Birbal says, “He was a very plane hearted and
an honest person. Everybody took advantage of his civility, but he never hurt
anybody. He took all the pains to pay his debts”. When asked about the name of
the director of ‘The Gate Crasher’, Birbal said, “So far I remember, the movie
was being directed by Sikandar Khanna”.
Rajinder Nath was
fond of the honesty and good behavior of producers from the Parsi community and
the South. He said that contrary to the producers from Mumbai film industry,
Parsi and South Indian producers very respectfully treated their actors and
paid their remuneration well in time.
As per the data
provided by Surat (Gujrat) based very senior film historian Shri Harish Raghuwanshi
ji, Rajinder Nath acted in 9 movies in 1950’s,
70
in 1960’s, 67
in 1970’s, 84
in 1980’s and 23
in 1990’s thus in total 253
movies in his entire acting career. His last movie was ‘Laash’ which released
in the year 1998. He also acted in some of the
initial episodes of Hindi serial ‘Hum Paanch’. Rajinder Nath’s eyes glittered
as he remembered his old days. He said, “I shot a lot in Kashmir. Most of my
movies in 1960’s were shot in Kashmir. In those
days I could come home in Mumbai hardly for 3-4
days as a guest”.
Rajinder Nath’s
family comprised of his wife, a son and a daughter. He had already bid adieu to
the films 6 years back when we met. His son was
working with the Qatar Airlines at that time and his daughter had just
completed her studies. Death of his elder brother Prem Nath and younger
brother-the famous villain- Narendra Nath had badly affected Rajinder Nath
emotionally and physically. Looking at his silent and gloomy face, it was hard
to believe that at some point of time this used to be the same rajinder Nath
whose mere entry on the big screen used to be enough for the theatre hall to
burst into laughter.
Rajinder Nath died
in Mumbai on 13th February 2008.